the history of Laptops

An ultraportable IBM X31 with 12" screen on an IBM T43 Thin & Light laptop with a 14" screen

HCL's $329 miniature notebooks with 6" TFT touchscreens launched in India on January 29, 2008.

A laptop computer, or simply laptop (also notebook computer, notebook and notepad) is a small mobile computer, which usually weighs 2-18 pounds (around 1 to 8 kilograms), depending on size, materials, and other factors.

Laptops usually run on a single main battery or from an external AC/DC adapter that charges the battery while also supplying power to the computer itself. Many computers also have a 3 volt cell to run the clock and other processes in the event of a power failure.

Laptops contain components that are similar to their desktop counterparts and perform the same functions, but are miniaturized and optimized for mobile use and efficient power consumption, although typically less powerful for the same price. Laptops usually have liquid crystal displays and most of them use different memory modules for their random access memory (RAM), for instance, SO-DIMM in lieu of the larger DIMMs. In addition to a built-in keyboard, they may utilize a touchpad (also known as a trackpad) or a pointing stick for input, though an external keyboard or mouse can usually be attached.

Contents
1 History
2 Categories
2.1 Related devices
3 Parts
4 Disadvantages
4.1 Parts standardization and compatibility issues
4.2 Durability Issues
5 Advantages
6 Upgradeability
7 Performance
8 Health issues
9 Security
10 Major brands and manufacturers
11 See also
12 External links
13 References

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